| PanGazer – introduction |
Introduction Download PanGazer Getting started General settings Setting North Saving views Saving images Sharing images Image geography Show image location Overlays Spherical fills Enhancements Aspect ratio Making panoramic images The gnomonic projection Coordinate formats Keyboard shortcuts Command line options Saved metadata Thanks | PanGazer is an image viewer and editor for spherical images (as captured by drones, etc.) as well as rectangular images. PanGazer automatically detects if an image is spherical. Uniquely, for a saved view of any image PanGazer adds the attitude, focal length, and other details of the view. Unlike screenshots, this means that you can compose and save multiple rectangular images from any image and each will have the correct geographical and photographic metadata. PanGazer is free (and advert-free); it runs on Windows and also on Windows emulators on Linux and MacOS. This screenshot is a view of the ‘starter’ panorama (of Bejes in the Picos de Europa) which is shown when you first start PanGazer: PanGazer screenshot – click for a more detailed image Please click on ‘Getting started’ to the left for an overview of PanGazer, or on any other menu item for more details. PanGazer features PanGazer lets you view a spherical panorama from any camera viewpoint, by dragging and zooming, then lets you save the view as seen. In other words, you can compose and save multiple rectangular images from any spherical image. This is especially useful for drone photography where a single spherical panorama can be used to create multiple images. Unlike a simple screenshot, PanGazer saved views include data such as the lens focal length (calculated from the actual view) and also, if available, the location, bearing, camera tilt, and other data derived from the original image. This allows saved views to be presented correctly (with correct angles, grid, etc.). Further, a saved view of a view will also have the correct data. PanGazer automatically detects spherical panoramas – even without Exif or XML metadata. The correct horizon will be set for ‘part-spherical’ panoramas (e.g., drone panoramas, which often include only 40° above the horizon). You can also view any 360° image as a rectangle. If the bearing and/or tilt are known from Exif or XMP metadata, or are set by the user, compass points (N, S, etc.) or bearings and tilt angles can be overlaid on the image to indicate direction and tilt (see the screenshot above for an example). Further, you can overlay North and horizon lines or a full grid of tilt and bearing lines on any image. A number of shortcut keys are provided for common actions. For example, the Space Bar toggles between showing and hiding all selected status and overlays, the ‘#’ key toggles the tilt and bearing grid, and ‘@’ toggles between displaying compass points and bearing angles. You can use PanGazer to view almost any image (not just panoramas); again you can save any view of an image, which makes it much easier to gauge the composition than using a ‘crop tool’. Image data (effective lens focal length, attitude, geography, etc.) are calculated and included in the saved metadata where possible. Part-spherical panoramas can be filled to make full-sphere panoramas, for use in social media, etc. In addition, nadir fill (or zenith fill) can be applied to hide a tripod or person holding a 360° camera. In all cases, only data from your image are used (unlike some “AI” fillers that use data from other people’s images). Missing data at poles (‘black holes’), as in sphere panoramas from some drones, can be filled automatically on image load or upon user request. Multiple views (windows) are supported – you can view different images, or the same image, from multiple angles and zooms at the same time. For example, you can compare still images with views from a spherical panorama. You can also explicitly set the aspect ratio of any view (to compare compositions, for example, or to suit a particular display or print size). PanGazer emphasises and simplifies the viewing and editing of image geographical data; you can set or edit the geographical values directly (location, elevation, True North bearing, and tilt), which will then be saved in the image Exif metadata. For spherical images, additional values (including initial camera stance and zoom) are saved in the image XMP metadata. If the image location is known or set you can show its location on maps, including Google satellite or regular Maps, MapGazer, or Google Earth. You can also show the view direction using a GPX or KML viewer if North has been set, or save the image location as a GPX or KML file. In general, PanGazer tracks image geometry; for example, when zooming in while viewing an image the pel (pixel) ratio (the number of pels used on-screen for each pel in the original image) is displayed, along with the equivalent focal length of the view you are seeing and the measured angles of view. You can also explicitly set the zoom to 100% pel ratio using the menus or by pressing ‘%’. PanGazer does not require an internet connection to run (except for a few internet-specific features); in particular, all the Help pages are included in the package and are accessible when your computer is offline or in flight mode. Strong viewing enhancements (brightness, etc.) are available to help you identify features of interest. PanGazer uses a fast multi-threaded implementation of the gnomonic projection which reduces apparent distortion of horizontals and verticals. Interpolation is used to improve the display of zoomed or low-resolution images. During dragging a reduced resolution is used for improved performance. The user interface (e.g., dragging left or right) works the same way on both rectangular and spherical images. Further, the user interface is modeless; you do not have to ‘enter panorama view mode’, for example. The ‘retro’-style menu bar allows a large visible image. Also, the menu bar and/or title bar can be hidden, or you can view all images full-screen (use ‘Escape’ or ‘F11’ to toggle between full-screen and a window). Very large images (up to the 65K×65K limit – 4 GigaPixels – of JPEG images) can be loaded, provided that sufficient RAM memory is available. In most cases a progress bar will be shown if loading a JPEG image will take more than a second. PanGazer requirements PanGazer runs on a Windows personal computer (PC, laptop, or tablet, running Windows 10 or later); it also runs on Windows 7, Windows XP, and Windows emulators on Mac OS and Linux, but is not fully tested in those environments. Both 64-bit and 32-bit executables are included, along with a ‘stub’ 32-bit executable that will start the best main executable on any version of Windows. The 32-bit executable will run on 32-bit Windows systems but large panoramas and images (e.g., more than 12,000 × 6,000) may fail to load due to memory fragmentation. With either executable you may have difficulty loading large images if you do not have several GigaBytes of RAM. It is recommended that you run a 64-bit version of Windows if possible. PanGazer lets you load and view many types of images (JPEG, PNG, GIF, BMP, TIFF, etc.). When saving an image, PanGazer uses JFIF (the JPEG File Interchange Format, file extension `.jpg` or `.jpeg`) so that metadata (geolocation, camera bearing, tilt, zoom, etc.) can be saved with the image using Exif and XMP metadata. PanGazer status I am currently actively developing PanGazer, so do please send me suggestions for improving PanGazer (click here for contact details »). PanGazer has been written from scratch (sharing most of its 36,000 lines of code with my MapGazer » application), but has been inspired by and depends on the work of many other people; please read my thanks, here. The PanGazer ‘starter image’ Here is a reduced version of the plain (un-projected) PanGazer starter image, stitched from 34 images taken using a DJI Mavic Pro drone (the download package includes a much larger and more detailed image). As an equirectangular JPG image it appears distorted (the entire bottom row of the image represents a single point). A 360° source image (reduced in size 24×) You can download an even more detailed version (20480×7587 pels, 43MB) by clicking here »; to view this you probably will need to use the 64-bit version of PanGazer on a 64-bit Windows system. You can also view the starter image using Google Maps on a PC or smart phone: search for “Bejes, Spain”, click on the ‘little yellow man’ and scroll right to 225m due East of the car parking area at the southern entrance to the village (and about 100m SSW of the church); you should see a small blue circle. Clicking on the circle should display the panorama. This upload of the starter image, saved as a sphere, was done using the Google Street Map app from a mobile phone; see the Sharing Images page for more details. |

PanGazer and these web pages were written by Mike Cowlishaw; Please send me any corrections, suggestions, etc. |

All content Copyright © Mike Cowlishaw, 2014–2025, except where marked otherwise. All rights reserved. The pages here, and the PanGazer program, are for non-commercial use only. Privacy policy: the Speleotrove website records no personal information and sets no ‘cookies’. However, statistics, etc. might be recorded by the web hosting service. This page was last updated on 2026-02-05 by mfc. |